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Blessing Nkosi 
Information and communication technologies (ICT) have become an essential part of daily life, more evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cybersecurity is vital to national security and economic activities as it protects digital information and systems. However, cybercrime poses significant challenges, with cybercriminals continuously targeting vulnerable individuals and organisations.
The lack of cybersecurity awareness and education among young people is a concern, as they face risks such as cyberbullying and online harassment. It is crucial to start educating children from an early age about cyber risks and safety measures to prevent potential future harm. Various studies highlight the need for cybersecurity awareness initiatives, particularly among law enforcement agencies like the South African Police Service (SAPS), to counter growing threats in cyberspace. Research has shown that young people are more vulnerable to cybercrime due to their lifestyle and online presence. A lack of knowledge and awareness about cybersecurity makes them more likely to fall victim to cyber threats and crimes. Appropriate education and training programs can reduce the risks related to cybercrimes and improve youth cybersecurity awareness.
Cyber integration is a significant concern. Victims know the unfortunate effects of rumours on online platforms, body shaming, and harassment. The widespread presence of social networking sites and mobile devices exposes children, mostly teenagers, to a variety of online content that requires proactive measures to protect their digital well-being. The psychological impact of social media on the younger generation has come into focus as they use online platforms to establish their identity and seek approval from their peers, despite unknown online threats.
The increased use of smartphones and mobile applications has also led to a rise in cybercrime incidents, as cybercriminals exploit weaknesses in these technologies. Social media has become a target for online attacks, posing risks to users, especially young people, who are more vulnerable to fraud and malware threats. The adoption of mobile devices has expanded the scope of web-based threats beyond traditional computers, highlighting the need for enhanced cybersecurity measures to protect personal information and digital assets. The state of cyber sovereignty in Gauteng reflects the complex challenges posed by cyber threats and the need for comprehensive cybersecurity strategies. Addressing the lack of cybersecurity awareness and education, particularly among young people, is essential to reducing the risks associated with cybercrime.
Law enforcement agencies, such as the South African Police Service working with the Gauteng Department of Community Safety, must prioritise cybersecurity awareness efforts to improve digital security and protect individuals and organisations from online threats. Furthermore, encouraging responsible online behaviour and implementing effective cybersecurity measures will help protect against cyberbullying, online harassment, and other forms of cyber threats in the effort to build a cyber-safe Gauteng.